The natural reaction is to put your hands out to stop the fall, but that usually ends up with broken hands or wrists. I've fallen out of a golf cart moving at 20 mph onto hard pavement with little more than a scratch on my arm.
You didn't violate any laws so I really don't see how you could have done anything different. Except to prevent the dogs from getting out. If you know they are prone to getting loose keep them tied to something.