I am not aware of anything in the election integrity bill aimed at people of color, but there was plenty of stuff aimed are preventing vote harvesting and other forms of voter fraud. And that kind of fraud has been occurring in Texas since at least 1948 (and probably back to at least 1941). And voter fraud has definitely changed elections from time to time.
My first job as an attorney was with an Austin firm whose senior partner had represented Coke Stephenson in contesting the disputed senatorial election in 1948, when 200 extra votes for LBJ showed up in Ballot Box 13 in Duvall County. The partner recounted how he had seen with his own eyes the voter list where about 200 dead folks voted in alphabetical order, all signing with the same pen and with the same handwriting. The ballots were burned and the voter list was smuggled across the border into Mexico, where it was beyond the reach of subpoena, so an audit of the election results was not possible. (As an aside, similar shenanigans may have been used by the JFK / LBJ ticket in the 1960 election in both Texas and Illinois.)
So yes, there is sometimes sufficient fraud to change elections. We will likely never know about 2020, because attempts to audit the election results in the few counties with suspicious results have been vigorously opposed. (And if an audit would remove all doubt as to whether fraud occurred, one wonders why folks would oppose an audit.)