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by NcongruNt
Tue Jan 27, 2009 5:50 pm
Forum: Rifles & Shotguns
Topic: Effective range of .22 rifle
Replies: 20
Views: 4530

Re: Effective range of .22 rifle

WildBill wrote:
lrb111 wrote:You might try faster bullets. CCI Stingers com to mind. fwiw, 1"at 100' is pretty common.
Faster bullets means higher velocity. Higher velocity doesn't mean high accuracy. As I recall, .22LR match ammo is slower than most.
Right. As mentioned previously, just about every .22LR round that starts out supersonic will go subsonic before 100 yards. That transition to subsonic causes irregular turbulence on the surface of the bullet, seriously affecting the accuracy. Stingers aren't fast enough to stay supersonic out to 100 yards. Even CCI's "Velocitor" goes subsonic before 100 yards according to their own data (1436 at the muzzle, 1084 at 100 yards). For reference, the speed of sound is approximately 1116fps.

I mentioned previously (not sure if it was this thread or not) that the only ammo that might stay supersonic out to 100 yards is made by Aguila and called "Super Maximum". It has a muzzle velocity of 1750fps. I haven't found any ballistics data on it, so I can't be sure that it will, but it would be your best bet if you insist on going the "faster" route. There's a reason competition shooters use subsonic ammo, and why every "match grade" .22LR round is subsonic.
by NcongruNt
Mon Jan 19, 2009 9:44 am
Forum: Rifles & Shotguns
Topic: Effective range of .22 rifle
Replies: 20
Views: 4530

Re: Effective range of .22 rifle

Liko81 wrote:Short answer: Your average .22 plinker with $15-a-brick ammo can reliably tag a squirrel or rabbit at up to about 125 yards from benchrest if you know what you're doing. Translated to punching paper, that's a grouping of about 1 minute of arc (MOA), or about 2 inches at 100 yards, about 3 at 150.

Long answer: Depends on the setup you're using. With a good scope, properly mounted, decent ammo (I like Remington GBs as cheap and pretty reliable; there are FAR better match-grade offerings but they can be more expensive than hunting rifle rounds), a benchrest and a little practice, I would not be surprised if you could shoot a .5-MOA group at 100 yards from the same rifle. That's good enough for a varmint headshot out to about 200yd; however a standard .22 fired from a rifle is transsonic (it starts supersonic but slows to subsonic) which affects accuracy at that range. The maximum effective range of a standard-velocity .22 tops out at around 175 yards; beyond that it doesn't have sufficient oomph for a clean kill. You can find hyper-velocity .22 rounds (e.g. Hornets) that will stay supersonic longer, take more energy further, and thus avoid both problems; however they do not work with all rifles (the bullet's nose is often longer, which can jam some makes). You can also buy subsonic rounds that solve the problem the opposite way (most match-grade is subsonic); the disadvantages with subsonic when hunting are that range makes a bigger difference as the bullet's fall will be sharper at distance, and that your varmint will hear the shot before the bullet gets there. They are, of course, less lethal at range even though they're more accurate.
:thumbs2:

It's worth noting that normal "high velocity" rounds (most ammo you use for plinking) starts to transition to subsonic at about 45 yards. The further you get beyond that, the more pronounced the irregularities in POI will be.

The fastest .22LR ammo I'm aware of is made by Aguila, called Super Maximum. It has a 30 grain bullet, with a muzzle velocity of 1750fps, and should stay supersonic out to 100 yards at least. I couldn't find ballistics data for it offhand, but it appears that Cabela's carries it in bulk, and other places have it as well.

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